![]() ![]() The most common causes include gastric or duodenal ulcers, acute hemorrhagic (erosive) gastropathy, esophageal varices, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, and esophagitis less common causes include Dieulafoy lesions, duodenitis, neoplasms, esophageal ulcers, and vascular malformations. ![]() Gastrointestinal ( GI) bleeding may be divided into:ġ) Upper gastrointestinal ( GI) bleeding (from a source located above the ligament of Treitz), which occurs in ~80% of patients hospitalized due to GI bleeding. Terlipressin for acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Consensus recommendations for managing patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. PubMed PMID: 15497000.īarkun A, Bardou M, Marshall JK Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding Consensus Conference Group. A Canadian clinical practice algorithm for the management of patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. PubMed PMID: 17879356.īarkun A, Fallone CA, Chiba N, et al Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding Consensus Conference Group. Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. Garcia-Tsao G, Sanyal AJ, Grace ND, Carey W Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Sreedharan A, Martin J, Leontiadis GI, et al. Endoscopic injection of cyanoacrylate glue versus other endoscopic procedures for acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension. RÃos Castellanos E, Seron P, Gisbert JP, Bonfill Cosp X. ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Small Bowel Bleeding. Gerson LB, Fidler JL, Cave DR, Leighton JA. ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Patients With Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Diagnosis and management of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: guidelines from the British Society of Gastroenterology. Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Guideline Recommendations From the International Consensus Group. ![]()
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